U.S. PHARMACOPEIA

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Formaldehyde Solution
CH2O 30.03

Formaldehyde.
Formaldehyde [50-00-0].
» Formaldehyde Solution in bulk containers contains not less than 37.0 percent, by weight, of formaldehyde (CH2O), with methanol added to prevent polymerization. Formaldehyde Solution in small containers (4 liters or less) contains not less than 36.5 percent, by weight, of formaldehyde (CH2O), with methanol present to prevent polymerization.
Packaging and storage— Preserve in tight containers, and preferably store at a temperature not below 15.
Labeling— The label of bulk containers of the Solution directs the drug repackager to demonstrate compliance with the USP Assay limit for formaldehyde of not less than 37.0%, by weight, immediately prior to repackaging.
Identification—
A: Dilute 2 mL with 10 mL of water in a test tube, and add 1 mL of silver-ammonia-nitrate TS: metallic silver is produced either in the form of a finely divided, gray precipitate, or as a bright, metallic mirror on the sides of the test tube.
B: Add 2 drops to 5 mL of sulfuric acid in which about 20 mg of salicylic acid has been dissolved, and warm the liquid very gently: a permanent, deep-red color appears.
Acidity— Measure 20.0 mL into a flask containing 20 mL of water, add 2 drops of bromothymol blue TS, and titrate with 0.1 N sodium hydroxide VS: not more than 10.0 mL of 0.1 N sodium hydroxide is consumed.
Assay— Transfer about 3 mL of Solution to a tared flask containing 10 mL of water, insert the stopper in the flask tightly, and accurately determine the weight of the Solution taken. Slowly and quantitatively add a mixture of 50.0 mL of 1 N sodium hydroxide VS and 50 mL of hydrogen peroxide TS that has been previously neutralized to bromothymol blue TS with 1 N sodium hydroxide. Heat the contents of the flask cautiously on a steam bath for 15 minutes, shaking it occasionally with a rotary motion. Allow the mixture to cool, rinse the funnel and the inner wall of the flask with water, and after allowing it to stand for 30 minutes, add 2 to 5 drops of bromothymol blue TS, and titrate the excess alkali with 1 N sulfuric acid VS. Perform a blank determination (see Residual Titrations under Titrimetry 541). Also make a correction based upon the acidity found in the test for Acidity. Each mL of 1 N sodium hydroxide is equivalent to 30.03 mg of CH2O.
Auxiliary Information— Staff Liaison : Tina S. Morris, Ph.D., Senior Scientist
Expert Committee : (BBVV05) Biologics and Biotechnology - Vaccines and Virology
USP29–NF24 Page 967
Phone Number : 1-301-816-8397